ORIGINAL_ARTICLE A Hybrid Genetic-Simulated Annealing-Auction Algorithm for a Fully Fuzzy Multi-Period Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem In this paper, an integer linear programming formulation is developed for a novel fuzzy multi-period multi-depot vehicle routing problem. The novelty belongs to both the model and the solution methodology. In the proposed model, vehicles are not forced to return to their starting depots. The fuzzy problem is transformed into a mixed-integer programming problem by applying credibility measure whose optimal solution is an (α,β)-credibility optimal solution to the fuzzy problem. To solve the problem, a hybrid genetic-simulated annealing-auction algorithm (HGSA), empowered by a modern simulated annealing cooling schedule function, is developed. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm is illustrated by employing a variety of test problems and benchmark examples. The obtained results showed that the algorithm provides satisfactory results in terms of different performance criteria. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2837_e10519a62bba9f9383271502e6154e0c.pdf 2021-05-01 96 113 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.1 Periodic routing problem Multi-Depot Hybrid algorithm auction algorithm Genetic Algorithm Simulated annealing algorithm Mohsen Saffarian saffarian@birjandut.ac.ir 1 Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran LEAD_AUTHOR Malihe Niksirat niksirat@birjandut.ac.ir 2 Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran AUTHOR Seyed Mahmood Kazemi kazemi_m_s@birjandut.ac.ir 3 Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran AUTHOR Alonso F., Alvarez M.J. and Beasley J.E. (2008). A tabu search algorithm for the periodic vehicle routing problem with multiple vehicle trips and accessibility restrictions. Journal of the Operational Research Society, Vol. 59, pp.963-976. 1 Angelelli E. and Speranza M.G. (2002). 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Economic and ecological optimization of the London urban logistics system considering infection risk during pandemic periods Urban delivery, especially the last-mile delivery, has become an increasingly important area in the global supply chain along with the boom of e-commerce. Delivery companies and merchants can introduce some innovative solutions such as the equipment of autonomous vehicles (AVs) to decrease their operating costs, environmental impact, and social risks during the delivery process. This paper mainly develops a mathematical model to get the best allocation of AVs among city logistics centers (CLCs) as a mixed delivery method. The advantage of the presented model stems from considering the equipment cost, the delivery cost, and the CO2 emission, which is measured through social carbon cost (SCC). In addition, this paper establishes a risk model considering the impact of seasonal variations to evaluate the infection risk of delivery during pandemic periods for four potential delivery scenarios: customers going to CLCs, ordering online and picking-up at CLCs, delivering by traditional vehicles (TVs), and delivering by the mixed method with the optimal allocation of AVs. The research finds the optimal allocation for a London case, reveals the relationship between the nominal service capacity (NCpa) of CLCs and the optimal number of CLCs equipped with AVs, concludes that the more CLCs are equipped with AVs, the fewer CO2 emissions and the fewer citizens will be infected, and provides some managerial insights that may help delivery companies and merchants make appropriate decisions about the allocation of AVs. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2839_c93659748150b7cfd9b8df5f61958426.pdf 2021-05-01 114 133 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.2 Urban logistics Cost Optimization CO2 emission Infection Risk Net Present Value,Supply Chain Management Xuan Feng fengxuan1995@gmail.com 1 School of Strategy and Leadership, Coventry University, Coventry, UK LEAD_AUTHOR Abbasi, M., and Nilsson, F. (2016). Developing environmentally sustainable logistics: Exploring themes and challenges from a logistics service provider's perspective. 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE A Framework for Evaluating the Supply Chain Performance of Apparel Manufacturing Organizations The abrogation of Multifiber Arrangement in the year 2005 pushed many developing nations into tough competition. Within the textile industry, despite having many advantages apparel manufacturing and exporting organizations (AMEOs) in developing nations are experiencing decline in their supply chain supply chain performance. Developing a comprehensive model to explore and classify factors, which affect the supply chain performance, is extremely significant. Owing to limited research in this area, an exploratory qualitative study involving a variety of organizations in apparel supply chain was carried out, in combination with a literature review, to determine the causes behind that decline. The outcome of preliminary exploratory study and literature review aided in the proposal of a conceptual framework. Employing that framework, a questionnaire survey was designed and piloted to support a quantitative study, which was conducted in the Karachi region in Pakistan. Collected data were analyzed by employing structural equation modeling. Results indicate that a number of factors have a strong influence on the supply chain performance of AMEOs. Apart from contributing to the literature, this study can also be of interest to managers and practitioners from the textile industry, as it clearly indicates areas on which AMEOs need to focus in order to improve their performance. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2840_8cf94d7e9715d8563492a30ed56cab1a.pdf 2021-05-01 134 164 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.3 Supply chain performance Apparel Developing Nations Manufacturing Exporting Naveed Khan up698207@myport.ac.uk 1 Portsmouth Business School, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK LEAD_AUTHOR Alessio Ishizaka alessio.ishizaka@neoma-bs.fr 2 NEOMA Business School, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France AUTHOR Andrea Genovese a.genovese@sheffield.ac.uk 3 Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK AUTHOR Abushaikha, I. (2014). Supply chain integration from a resource-based view perspective: empirical evidence from Jordan's garment manufacturers international supply chains, Doctoral Thesis, http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2773. 1 Ahmed, I. 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE A Novel Cell Layout Problem with Reliability and Stochastic Failures The facility layout design and Cell Formation (CF) problems are the important sectors in designing a cellular manufacturing system (CMS). These problems are interrelated and simultaneous consideration of them is essential for a successful design of CMS. In this paper, a new non-linear mixed integer programming model is presented to solve the integrated cell formation and inter/intra cell layouts in continuous space. The proposed approach incorporated machine reliability with a stochastic time between failures. Some important factors such as stochastic process time, part demand, cell size, variable process routing, and both inter-cell and intra-cell layout are considered in proposed model. The objective is to minimize the total inter/intra cell transportation cost and total breakdown cost. The proposed model is then linearized to reduce computation time and an exact solver by using GAMS is proposed to tackle the computational complexity of the developed model. Results indicate the efficiency and the application of proposed model in the area of CMS conceptually http://www.ijsom.com/article_2841_b23bfe7540cb79f96497ea4d835faa01.pdf 2021-05-01 165 175 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.4 Cellular manufacturing system Cell formation Cell layout Machine Reliability Amir-Mohammad Golmohammadi amir88.golmohamadi@yahoo.com 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran AUTHOR Mahboobeh Honarvar mhonarvar@yazd.ac.ir 2 Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran LEAD_AUTHOR Reza Tavakkoli_Moghaddam tavakoli@ut.ac.ir 3 School of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. AUTHOR Hasan Hosseini-Nasab hhn@yazd.ac.ir 4 Department of Industrial Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran AUTHOR Aghajani-Delavar, N., Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R., & Mehdizadeh, E. (2015). Design of a new mathematical model for integrated dynamic cellular manufacturing systems and production planning. International Journal of Engineering, Vol. 28, pp.746-754. 1 Alfa, A. S., Chen, M., & Heragu, S. S. (1992). Integrating the grouping and layout problems in cellular manufacturing systems. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 23, pp. 55-58. 2 Alhourani, F. (2016). Cellular manufacturing system design considering machines reliability and parts alternative process routings. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 54, pp. 846-863. 3 Arkat, J., Farahani, M. H., & Ahmadizar, F. (2012). Multi-objective genetic algorithm for cell formation problem considering cellular layout and operations scheduling. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 25, pp. 625-635. 4 Bayram, H., & Şahin, R. (2016). A comprehensive mathematical model for dynamic cellular manufacturing system design and Linear Programming embedded hybrid solution techniques. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 91, pp. 10-29. 5 Chang, C. C., Wu, T. H., & Wu, C. W. (2013). An efficient approach to determine cell formation, cell layout and intracellular machine sequence in cellular manufacturing systems. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 66, pp. 438-450. 6 Chung, S. H., Wu, T. H., & Chang, C. C. (2011). An efficient tabu search algorithm to the cell formation problem with alternative routings and machine reliability considerations. Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 60, pp. 7-15. 7 Das, K., Lashkari, R. S., & Sengupta, S. (2007). Reliability consideration in the design and analysis of cellular manufacturing systems. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 105, pp. 243-262. 8 Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., Ahmadi, A., & Al-e-Hashem, S. M. (2020). Sustainable closed-loop supply chain network for an integrated water supply and wastewater collection system under uncertainty. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 275, pp. 111277. 9 Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., Ahmadi, A., Goodarzian, F., & Cheikhrouhou, N. (2020). A bi-objective home healthcare routing and scheduling problem considering patients’ satisfaction in a fuzzy environment. Applied soft computing, Vol. 93, pp. 106385. 10 Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M., & Mirjalili, S. (2020). A set of efficient heuristics for a home healthcare problem. Neural Computing and Applications, Vol. 32, pp. 6185-6205. 11 Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M., & Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R. (2020). 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A New Mathematical Model for Integration of Cell Formation with Machine Layout and Cell Layout by Considering Alternative Process Routing Reliability; A Novel Hybrid Metaheuristic. International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Production Research, Vol. 30, pp. 405-427. 16 Golmohammadi, A. M., Honarvar, M., Hosseini-Nasab, H., & Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R. (2018). Machine Reliability in a Dynamic Cellular Manufacturing System: A Comprehensive Approach to a Cell Layout Problem. International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Production Research, Vol. 29, pp. 175-196. 17 Golmohammadi, A. M., Honarvar, M., Hosseini-Nasab, H., & Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R. (2020). A bi-objective Optimization Model for a Dynamic Cell Formation Integrated with Machine and Cell Layouts in a Fuzzy Environment. Fuzzy Information and Engineering, pp. 1-19. 18 Hadian, H., Chahardoli, S., Golmohammadi, A. M., & Mostafaeipour, A. (2020). A practical framework for supplier selection decisions with an application to the automotive sector. International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 58, pp. 2997-3014. 19 Jolai, F., Tavakkoli-Moghaddam, R., Golmohammadi, A., & Javadi, B. (2012). An electromagnetism-like algorithm for cell formation and layout problem. Expert Systems with Applications, Vol. 39, pp. 2172-2182. 20 Karampour, M. M., Hajiaghaei-Keshteli, M., Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., & Tian, G. (2020). Metaheuristics for a bi-objective green vendor managed inventory problem in a two-echelon supply chain network. Scientia Iranica. 21 Liu, X., Tian, G., Fathollahi-Fard, A. M., & Mojtahedi, M. (2020). Evaluation of ship’s green degree using a novel hybrid approach combining group fuzzy entropy and cloud technique for the order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution theory. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, Vol. 22, pp. 493-512. 22 Logendran, R., & Talkington, D. (1997). 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Multi-objective Design of Balanced Sales Territories with Taboo Search: A Practical Case Sales territory design is an important research field because salesforce allocation within territories impacts sales organization effectiveness and customer service. This work presents a novel multi-objective model for re-designing sales territories with three main objectives: sales balancing, workload balancing, and geographic balancing. To measure sales and workload balancing, the variance among territories was calculated. The metric considered for geographic balancing was the sum of the distances from every salesperson to their assigned customers. A metaheuristic algorithm based on Tabu search was developed to solve a weighted aggregate function that integrates the three objectives. The algorithm is embedded in a procedure to systematically change the weights in the aggregate objective function to produce an approximate Pareto front of solutions. The algorithm was tested with instances based on data from a company in Mexico, providing salesperson-customer assignments that can be projected in territories in geographic information systems. The algorithm converges very fast for the instances studied and produces a Pareto front efficiently. Comparing the current situation of the company to a dominating solution obtained with the algorithm in the Pareto front, a significant improvement in the balance is achieved, in the order of 42.0 - 47.1% on average in the three objective functions. Another managerial benefit achieved by the company was a better understanding for the top managers of the salesforce, the customer preferences, and the challenge of serving a large and dispersed market. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2842_3434762012b787cb5658cc00bb519141.pdf 2021-05-01 176 193 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.5 Territory design Multiple criteria Metaheuristics Pareto front Salesforce Workload balance Elias Olivares Benitez rafaelgm@uaeh.edu.mx 1 Faculty of Engineering, Universidad Panamericana, Zapopan, Mexico LEAD_AUTHOR María Beatríz Bernábe-Loranca eolivaresb@up.edu.mx 2 Faculty of Computer Science, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, México AUTHOR Santiago-Omar Caballero-Morales beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com 3 Popular Autonomous University of the State of Puebla, A.C., Postgraduate Department of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Puebla, México AUTHOR Rafael Granillo Macias santiagoomar.caballero@upaep.mx 4 Autonomous University of Hidalgo, Campus Sahagun, Tepeapulco, Hidalgo, Mexico LEAD_AUTHOR Arns Steiner, M. 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Coordinating a Socially Responsible Supply Chain with Random Yield under CSR and Price Dependent Stochastic Demand Corporate social responsibility plays an important role in associating customers with socially responsible firms. Faithful consumers are willing to give extra money for commodities or services that incentive the firms to take corporate social responsibility (CSR). This article studies the coordination issue in a two-stage supply chain which is composed of a manufacturer and a retailer who sells a short shelf-life product in a single period. The manufacturer exhibits CSR and simultaneously determines its CSR investment and production quantity, as his production process is subject to random production yield. On the other hand, the retailer decides the selling price and order quantity simultaneously while facing price and CSR sensitive stochastic demand. We construct an agreement between the retailer and the manufacturer which comprises a revenue-sharing and a cost-sharing contract. We show that the supply chain can perfectly coordinate under this composite contract and allow arbitrary allocation of total channel profit to ensure that both the retailer and the manufacturer are benefited. We further analyze the impact of randomness in production as well as the effect of CSR investment on the performance of the entire supply chain. A numerical example is provided to explain the developed model and gain more insights. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2843_46660dba01b2b8ba3b3cefd1ae13b205.pdf 2021-05-01 194 211 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.6 Random yield ِِِDemand uncertainty Corporate social responsibility Channel coordination Pricing Joyanta kumar Majhi joyantakrmajhi.math.rs@jadavpuruniversity.in 1 Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India LEAD_AUTHOR Bibhas C. Giri bcgiri.jumath@gmail.com 2 Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India AUTHOR K.S. Chaudhuri chaudhuriks@gmail.com 3 Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India AUTHOR Amaeshi, K. M., Osuji, O. K., and Nnodim, P. (2008). Corporate social responsibility in supply chains of global brands: A boundaryless responsibility? clarifications, exceptions and implications. ,Journal of Business ethics, Vol. 81(1), pp.223–234. 1 Bernstein, F. and Federgruen, A. (2005). Decentralized supply chains with competing retailers under demand uncertainty. Management Science, Vol. 51(1), pp.18–29. 2 Boyd, D. E., Spekman, R. E., Kamauff, J. W., and Werhane, P. (2007). Corporate social responsibility in global supply chains: a procedural justice perspective. ,Long Range Planning, Vol. 40(3), pp.341–356. 3 Bulinskaya, E. V. (1964). Some results concerning optimum inventory policies ,Theory of Probability & Its Applications, Vol. 9(3), pp.389–403. 4 Cachon, G. P. (2003). 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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE Presenting a Comprehensive Smart Model of Job Rotation as a Corporate Social Responsibility to Improve Human Capital Providing job rotation schedules among certain individuals of organizations has been the research focus in the field of job rotation. Obviously, any movement of people will cause a change in the position of others and if there are no properly defined criteria for movement, the resulting job rotation not only is not effective in the long run but also may cause serious damage to the organization. In this regard, the main purpose of this research is to find the best model developed for job rotation and solve the "job rotation scheduling problem" with respect to the factors influenced by the job. So, Health and Safety Executive (HSE) standard questionnaire was used for measuring job stress among the population of nurses in Iranian health centers (n=1221 of a 6148 population) to form databases required for the implementation of data mining. In order to make a smart model, the use of internal rules and patterns of existing data is considered and with the development of meta-heuristic models for this kind of problem, the model is solved with genetic algorithms. The current job rotation model has been developed compared to previous models because of using smart limitations resulting from the process of knowledge discovery by data mining method. In contrast with the results of the previous studies on job rotation, our results are applicable to all organizations need to have different leadership styles in order to practice corporate social responsibility(CSR) and use capabilities to identify rules that allow easy use of meta-heuristic algorithms. http://www.ijsom.com/article_2844_e74c69b94d5e15808905fde02683415f.pdf 2021-05-01 212 231 10.22034/ijsom.2021.2.7 Job rotation Genetic Algorithm Data mining Job Stress Corporate social responsibility(CSR) Leadership style Vahid Sebt vhd_sebt@yahoo.com 1 Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran LEAD_AUTHOR Shiva S. Ghasemi shiva.s.ghasemi@gmail.com 2 Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran AUTHOR Al‐Reyaysa M., Pinnington A. H., Karatas‐Ozkan M. and Nicolopoulou K. (2019). 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